Step 7 · الخطوة 7

Reported Speech Basics

أساسيات الكلام المنقول

Learning objective · هدف الدرس

I can report what someone said, changing tense and pronouns.

أستطيع نقل كلام شخص آخر مع تغيير الزمن والضمائر.

WHAT? · What is the grammar point?

ما هي القاعدة؟

Direct speech uses the exact words in speech marks. Reported speech tells what someone said without speech marks. After 'said', we usually move the tense one step back and change pronouns.

الكلام المباشر يُكتب بين علامتي تنصيص بكلمات المتحدث نفسها. أما الكلام المنقول فنرويه بأسلوبنا دون علامات التنصيص. بعد said نرجع الزمن خطوة إلى الماضي (is → was، will → would)، ونغيّر الضمائر حسب المعنى (I → he/she).

RULE

القاعدة

"I am tired." → He said (that) he was tired.
present simple → past simple
present continuous → past continuous
will → would · can → could
here → there · today → that day

EXAMPLES · How do we use it?

أمثلة

"I like Nizwa," said Ali. → Ali said that he liked Nizwa.قال علي إنه يحب نزوى.

"We are studying," they said. → They said they were studying.قالوا إنهم كانوا يدرسون.

"I will help you," she said. → She said she would help me.قالت إنها ستساعدني.

Common mistake

خطأ شائع

✗ She said that I am hungry.

✓ She said that she was hungry.

غيّر الضمير والزمن.

PRACTICE · Guided practice

تدريب موجّه

1. "I can swim," said Omar. → Omar said he ___ swim.

2. "It is raining," said Mum. → Mum said it ___.

3. Identify the rule: 'will' in reported speech becomes …

Independent practice

تدريب مستقل

Short answer · إجابة قصيرة

1. Report it: "I am happy," said Maryam.

CHECK · Self-check test

اختبر نفسك

True / False · صح أم خطأ

1. True or False: Reported speech uses speech marks.

2. "We live in Sur," they said. →

Practice freely — nothing is saved.تدرّب بحرية، لا يتم حفظ أي إجابة أو نتيجة.

Next: Step 8 · Mixed Tenses in a Paragraph →